Amazon EBS provides the persistent storage requirements of your applications hosted on EC2 instances. There are multiple SSD storage volumes that provide a balance between price and performance. Below is an overview of the SSD EBS volume types available to you.
gp3
Provides a consistent performance of 3,000 IOPS and 125 MiB/s. It is charged at $0.08/GB, making it the cheapest option in the SSD category. For higher throughput, it can be provisioned to scale up to 16,000 IOPS and 1,000 MiB/s with an additional cost of $0.005/provisioned IOPS-month or $0.04/provisioned MB/s-month. You can provision a volume size between 1 GiB and 16 TiB.
gp2
Provides performance starting from 100 IOPS incrementing linearly as per the volume size by 3 IOPS/GB to a maximum of 16000 IOPS. gp2 adds the unused IOPS capacity to a credit bucket up to a maximum of 3000 IOPS, fulfilling the burstable performance demanded by your application. gp2 is charged at $0.10/GB.
io2
Provides dedicated performance up to 256,000 IOPS or 4,000 MiB/s and supports volume size between 4 GiB up to 64 TiB. It costs $0.125/GB-month for storage. For IOPS, it costs $0.065/provisioned IOPS-month up to 32,000 IOPS, $0.046/provisioned IOPS-month from 32,001 to 64,000 IOPS and $0.032/provisioned IOPS-month for greater than 64,000 IOPS.
io1
Provides dedicated performance up to 64,000 IOPS or 1,000 MiB/s and supports volume size between 4 GiB up to 16 TiB. It costs $0.125/GB-month for storage and $0.065/provisioned IOPS-month.
Comparison
Let’s compare the monthly cost of SSD EBS volume types with a few use-cases:
|
Storage (GB) |
IOPS |
gp3 |
gp2 |
io2 |
io1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
3,000 |
$0.08 |
$0.10* |
Not supported |
|
|
100 |
3,000 |
$8.00 |
$10.00** |
$207.50 |
|
|
1,000 |
5,000 |
$93.24 |
Not supported |
$450.00 |
|
|
2,000 |
6,000 |
$180.00 |
$200.00 |
$640.00 |
|
|
5,333 |
16,000 |
$426.64 |
$533.30 |
$1,706.63 |
|
|
16,384 |
16,000 |
$1,410.72 |
$1,638.40 |
$3,088.00 |
|
|
16,384 |
64,000 |
Not supported |
$5,584.00 |
$6,208.00 |
|
|
16,384 |
128,000 |
Not supported |
$11,699.20 |
Not supported |
|
|
65,536 |
128,000 |
Not supported |
$17,843.20 |
Not supported |
|
*100 baseline IOPS, burstable up to 3,000
**300 baseline IOPS, burstable up to 3,000
Conclusion
gp3 is the best choice for most of the workloads and io2 for larger volumes and heavy IOPS workloads.
References
- Amazon EBS volume types – Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. (n.d.). NA. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-volume-types.html
- High-Performance Block Storage– Amazon EBS Pricing – Amazon Web Services. (n.d.). Amazon Web Services, Inc. https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/pricing/
- AWS Pricing Calculator. (n.d.). NA. https://calculator.aws/#/createCalculator/EBS